DB vs Hakatsuki, #16077 was the sixty-third case tried by the Chamber of Justice. The sitting Justicar was Dacien Victae, the Left Hand of Justice was DarkHawk, and the Right Hand of Justice was Kalan Amak.
Basic Case Information
Defendant
Charges
- Two counts: Violation of Covenant section 7.06(o) - Plagiarism - Plea of Not Guilty
- One count: Violation of Covenant section 7.06(d) - Cheating and
Exploitation - Plea of Not Guilty
- One Count: Violation of Covenant section 7.06(j) - False Statements
Verdict
Sentence
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The Chamber of Justice, upon conclusion of an investigation, issued the following charges against Hakatsuki:
1) Two Counts: Violations of Covenant section 7.06(o) - Plagiarism -
Hakatsuki knowingly submitted two images for the competitions “Saved!
[Graphics]” and “[Sunrider] [Vatali Unsettled] Scenes of Destruction”
that he did not create himself. He applied minor photo-manipulation
techniques to each image without crediting the original image creators.
2) Two Counts: Violations of Covenant section 7.06(d) - Cheating and
Exploitation - Hakatsuki knowingly submitted plagiarized images to two
Clan Odan-Urr competitions, “Saved! [Graphics]” and “[Sunrider] [Vatali
Unsettled] Scenes of Destruction,” for the purpose of placing in the
competitions.
3) One Count: Violation of Covenant section 7.06(j) - False Statements -
When given an opportunity by the Chamber to submit a reasonable
explanation for the apparent plagiarism, Hakatsuki falsely claimed that
the images he used had been created by his brother when they are in
fact professionally created concept art widely available on the
internet.
The defendant was provided sufficient counsel from the Left Hand of Justice
and was made aware of his rights under the Covenant. Due to the nature of the
charges, the possible penalties did not exceed a two-grade Novitiate
demotion, a Letter of Reprimand, one year probation, or a combination of the
above. Therefore, pursuant to Cov. 7.03(i), he was notified that he faced
Trial by Justicar. The member was informed that he would be able to present
evidence in his defense, and that the Justicar would consider and weigh the
evidence before him without presumption of guilt. The member was further
notified that he would have the right to see any evidence to be presented by
the Right Hand of Justice, and that he would be able to submit written
arguments to rebut the charges and evidence presented unless he failed to
enter a plea.
The defendant entered a plea of NOT GUILTY and the Chamber of Justice
immediately initiated a Trial by Justicar.
Upon consideration of all evidence available to the Chamber and the arguments
presented by the Prosecution and Defense, the Justicar finds the Defendant
GUILTY of cheating and plagiarism and NOT GUILTY of false statements.
The sentence for the member is as follows:
● DISQUALIFICATION from the Saved! and Scenes of Destruction
competitions;
● LOSS OF MEDALS earned from the competitions;
● LETTER OF REPRIMAND permanently applied to the member’s dossier;
● PROBATION for six months upon the following terms:
○ General probation - all promotions, merit medals and position
appointments are subject to review and approval by the Justicar.
JUSTICE IS SERVED.
JUSTICAR’S OPINION
This case came to the Chamber’s attention through a complaint about a
possibly plagiarized competition entry in the “The Pictures in the Sound -
12” competition. While the competition was still running, the organizer
noticed that Trainee Hakatsuki had submitted an image that appeared to be a
recolored version of Halo concept art widely available on the internet. No
attribution to the original source was included in the submission.
The Left Hand of Justice reached out to Hakatsuki to explain that, when
submitting an entry that uses another’s work, source attribution must always
be provided. After some evasion, he added a source link to his Pictures in
the Sound submission.
Meanwhile, the Right Hand of Justice investigated Hakatsuki’s entries in two
other prior graphics competitions, which resulted in the charges issued in
this case.
Facts:
Hakatsuki was charged with knowingly and falsely claiming to have created two
images and submitting them for credit in two separate Clan Odan-Urr
competitions. He was also charged with falsely stating that his brother
created the source images.
Saved! [Graphics]
Hakatsuki placed second in this competition, earning a Crescent with
Sapphire Star and two Clusters of Graphite: Hakatsuki's submission to
Saved!
The source image is widely available online as concept art for the
canceled Star Wars 1313 game:
https://www.polygon.com/2015/12/9/9880910/star-wars-1313-revival-lucasf
ilm
[Sunrider] [Vatali Unsettled] Scenes of Destruction
Hakatsuki did not place in this competition, but earned two Clusters of
Graphite: Hakatsuki's submission to Scenes of Destruction
The source image is available online as concept art for a Halo 4
animated series:
https://www.deviantart.com/lordbiernac/art/Halo-4-Spartan-Ops-motion-co
mics-342549845
Neither entry explained that these images had originally been created by
other people and that he had photo-manipulated the originals rather than
creating them from scratch. Additionally, his entry for Saved! Included a
text submission suggesting it was an image of his character: “Art displays
Hakatsuki overlooking the complex holding the kidnapping individuals.”
Finally, Hakatuski made a series of evasive and disrespectful statements
during the investigation that, among other things, seemed to suggest that his
brother created the source images. The wide availability of the images online
and their clear connection to a) a cancelled game and b) a professional pitch
for an animated series cast serious doubt on his statements and resulted in a
charge of false statements.
Analysis
As an initial matter, the Defense compellingly argued during trial that
Hakatsuki’s statements were not false but merely confused and ambiguous. The
Defense demonstrated that there was a reasonable basis to conclude Hakatsuki
did not mean to claim that his brother created the source images, but rather
that his brother found and supplied them to Hakatsuki, who then recolored and
submitted them as competition entries. As such, the Chamber has concluded
that Hakatsuki is NOT GUILTY of false statements.
Turning to the more serious cheating and plagiarism charges, this case was
remarkably similar in many ways to DB v. Arvalis Raith, DB 058, in which the
defendant ultimately confessed to submitting lightly manipulated images from
an uncredited source to two DB-wide competitions. This case differs in that
a) Hakatsuki is an extremely new member, b) the competitions at issue were
not DB-wide, and c) Hakatsuki did not confess.
In fact, Hakatsuki submitted to the Saved! competition one day after joining
the club and to the Scenes of Destruction competition one week after joining.
The Chamber considered whether a brand new member who most likely had only
fleeting familiarity with the club’s operations and may not have even heard
of the Covenant could nevertheless be guilty of violating the Covenant’s
proscriptions against cheating and plagiarism. The answer must be yes.
The Covenant and our caselaw make no allowance for excusing such misconduct
on the basis that a defendant did not know that submitting another’s work as
his or her own without any attribution is against the rules. All members must
comply with the Covenant at all times. Section 7.06(a) plainly states that
“Set forth in this section are specific codified rules that relate to the
conduct of all members. Members must abide by these articles at all times.”
(emphasis added).
That said, the Chamber recognizes that mistakes happen. As articulated in DB
058:
It should be noted that the mere failure to attribute credit in a
competition submission would not always result in a plagiarism finding.
Sometimes members make mistakes and fail to give proper credit to a
source.
Unfortunately, in this case as in DB 058, the member’s textual submission to
Saved! indicating it was an image of his character and the fact that he
submitted unattributed images to two separate competitions strongly suggested
that leaving out attribution was not a mistake, but rather his modus
operandi. Later statements he made to the Chamber further clarified that he
saw nothing wrong with his conduct despite admitting that he did not create
the images himself.
Absent evidence of mistake, claiming the unattributed work of another as your
own is plagiarism and submitting that work to a competition is cheating.
Hakatsuki is GUILTY as charged.
Sentencing
As noted above, the Chamber considered two additional factors in this case
that differentiated it from DB 058: the competitions Hakatsuki entered were
not DB wide, and Hakatsuki did not confess or otherwise demonstrate
contrition as Arvalis did. These two factors did not contribute to the
finding of guilt, but they are relevant considerations for sentencing. In
that capacity, they work at odds: the lack of acknowledgement of wrongdoing
counsels for a harsher sentence, whereas the clan-only nature of the
competitions -- by precedent -- weighs in as a mitigating factor.
Also on the scale is the extremely short tenure of Hakatsuki’s membership,
which may make him the “youngest” dossier ever charged with a Covenant
violation. As discussed earlier, this fact does not excuse his behavior but
the Chamber believes it supports a lighter sentence.
As such, the Chamber has determined that the typical cheating punishment --
demotion -- is not appropriate in this case. Hakatuski will be disqualified
from the two competitions at issue and lose the benefits he gained from them.
He will also serve a period of general probation and have a Letter of
Reprimand applied to his dossier. Additionally, the Chamber notes that, after
being warned, Hakatsuki did add attribution to his Pictures in the Sound
submission. That act saved him from a graphics competition ban.
Finally, I must note that there has been a marked increase in plagiarism
issues that have come to the Chamber’s attention in 2020. Let this case serve
as a reminder and as a warning to all members: when you use portions of
someone else’s work, give attribution or risk the consequences.
Verily,
/s/ Dacien Victae
Jury Result
The Justicar convened an Expulsion Jury of six active equites and elders, led by a sitting member of the Dark Council, instructed the Jury in its duties, and provided a copy of all evidence, this Verdict and Opinion, and sentencing briefs written by the Right and Left Hands.
At the conclusion of the Jury’s deliberation, it returned a unanimous vote in support of expulsion. As such, AnthonyH is hereby permanently expelled from the Dark Jedi Brotherhood.
Verily,
Dacien Victae
Justicar of the Dark Jedi Brotherhood